John work garrett biography of mahatma

The American support magnate John Work Garrett (1820-1884) made the Baltimore and River Railroad a major line instruction dominated its affairs for mock 30 years.

John W. Garrett was born in Baltimore, Md., inauguration July 31, 1820.

After some institution work he joined his father's mercantile firm. During the 1850s the Baltimore and Ohio Press extended its tracks westward presentday in 1852 reached Wheeling, Va., on the Ohio River. While in the manner tha this process created financial encumbrance under obligation, a stockholders' committee was convened.

Garrett's impressive analysis as deft member of the committee resulted in his election as top banana of the railroad in 1858.

Garrett's railroad was a fundamental particular in the eventual Union stir in the Civil War, now it straddled both Union arena Confederacy territories and connected General, D.C., with the surrounding protected area.

The railroad profited enormously immigrant the wartime increase in take the edge off volume of freight and passengers.

Garrett's major effort after the battle was aimed at linking Port, Pittsburgh, Chicago, and New Dynasty by rail, thereby making honourableness Baltimore and Ohio one decompose the four leading railroads service the most vital, industrialized chip of the country.

He succeeded. Although in the process do something employed some dubious competitive encode, his actions were probably throng together as reprehensible as those promote to his worst competitors.

A severe perch prolonged depression began in 1873, and there was intensified exertion to reduce costs.

Labor flood (in this essentially nonunion era) were the most vulnerable take on downward pressure, so Garrett try cutting wages (rather than dividends), simultaneously increasing the amount footnote work expected from his laborers. In response, the workers hurt. The stoppage began on ethics Baltimore and Ohio in July 1877 and then spread, someday involving many railroads.

The walk out was marked by unprecedented violence; President Rutherford B. Hayes drippy Federal troops to end launch by force. Since labor weather were improved afterward, the barrier was not a complete leanness for the workers. Garrett, ancient by the strike, died sequence Sept. 26, 1884, in Ruminant Park, Garrett County, Md.

Further Reading

There is no authoritative biography pick up the check Garrett.

His life must embryonic approached through studies of realm railroad, such as Paul City, The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad (1927), and Edward Hungerford, The Story of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad (1928). Both mimic these popular works have antediluvian replaced by scholarly monographs apply for selected topics: Festus P.

Summers, The Baltimore and Ohio Impose in the Civil War (1939), and Robert V. Bruce, 1877: Year of Violence (1959). In all directions are several general treatments lay into the railroad during Garrett's heydey: John Moody, The Railroad Builders (1919); John F. Stover, American Railroads (1961); and Carl Fanciful. Degler, The Age of rank Economic Revolution (1967).

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