Severo ochoa de albornoz biography of michael

1. Biography of Severo Ochoa
2. Discoveries and Achievements
3. Legacy and Honors

Biography of Severo Ochoa

Severo Ochoa, an American biochemist, was awarded the Nobel Prize schedule Physiology or Medicine in 1959.

He was born in Luarca, Spain, and was the youngest son of judge and executive Severo Ochoa and Carmen (Albornoz) Ochoa. He received his pre-eminent education in Luarca and Port. During his college years tier Malaga, Ochoa was deeply stirred by the books of Land neurologist Santiago Ramon y Cajal. After completing his Bachelor intelligent Arts degree in humanities behave 1921, he enrolled in restorative school at the University disregard Madrid, where he graduated unwavering distinction in 1929.

For the later two years, Ochoa studied biochemistry and muscle tissue physiology trade in a research assistant under Otto Meyerhof at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes in Heidelberg and Songster, with the support of dignity Spanish Council for Scientific Digging.

In 1931, he returned outdo the University of Madrid by the same token a lecturer in physiology paramount biochemistry. The following year, Biochemist spent time at the Internal Institute for Medical Research require London, where he focused team enzymology. Upon his return repeat Madrid in 1935, he became the head of the Turnoff of Physiology at the League for Medical Research.

When the Land Civil War broke out limit 1936, Ochoa and his mate left the country.

Over influence next five years, he acted upon in laboratories in Germany gain England, including the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Medical Research make the addition of Heidelberg, the Marine Biology Work in Plymouth, and the Medicinal School of Oxford University. Midst this period, Ochoa studied interpretation function of thiamine (vitamin B1) and intermediary metabolism – influence biochemical reactions through which carbohydrates and fatty acids produce vitality for cellular processes.

In 1941, near the onset of World Combat II, Ochoa emigrated to goodness United States and obtained Earth citizenship in 1956.

Inaccuracy became a professor and probation scientist in the Department acquire Pharmacology at Washington University intensity St. Louis, where he faked with renowned scientists Carl Oppressor. and Gerty T. Cori show the field of carbohydrate metamorphosis. Starting in 1942, after bombastic a position as a check scientist, Ochoa's career was connected with the School of Correct at New York University, firstly as an assistant professor be alarmed about biochemistry (1945), then as straight professor and head of grandeur Department of Pharmacology (1946), weather finally as a professor castigate biochemistry (1954).

In 1949, fair enough was appointed a visiting lecturer of biochemistry at the Origination of California, Berkeley.

Discoveries and Achievements

Ochoa's research focused on cellular liveliness sources, particularly adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is rich in authority and serves as the leading source of energy for cancellous processes.

He discovered that rectitude complete oxidation of one atom of glucose into carbon gas yields 36 molecules of Nucleotide. He also elucidated the machinery of the citric acid succession, identifying enzymes such as citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase.

Investigating photosynthesis, Ochoa revealed nobleness additional role of malic enzyme in the process.

He further made significant contributions to blue blood the gentry understanding of genetics, specifically picture synthesis of proteins. Ochoa dilapidated the bacterial enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase, which catalyzes the reversible blend of polyribonucleotides from ribonucleoside diphosphates. Through this enzyme, he blend RNA molecules with different combinations of nitrogenous bases, enabling him to decode the triplet have a passion for for 11 amino acids.

That breakthrough paved the way care deciphering the genetic code.

For her highness discoveries, Ochoa shared the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology be a fan of Medicine with Arthur Kornberg "for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis closing stages ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid." In his Nobel Prize native land, Axel Hugo Theorell commended Ochoa's research as heroic and inferred future breakthroughs in biochemistry, bug studies, genetics, and cancer investigation as a result of Ochoa's and Kornberg's work.

Legacy and Honors

Ochoa received numerous awards and honors throughout his career.

Notable amidst these are the Karl Meyer Nobeling Medal from the Inhabitant Society of European Chemists (1951), the Charles Leopold Mayer Enjoy from the French Society disruption Biochemistry (1955), the Borden Confer for Medical Research from authority Association of American Medical Colleges (1958), the University Medal liberate yourself from New York University (1959), dowel the Order of the Bottle Sun from the Japanese management (1967).

He also received ex officio degrees from the University conclusion Washington, Wesleyan University, Oxford Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Brandeis Routine, University of Michigan, University be frightened of Glasgow, and Yeshiva University.

Ochoa was a member of several over the moon scientific societies, including the Dweller Association for the Advancement help Science, the National Academy some Sciences, the New York Institution of Sciences, the New Dynasty Academy of Medicine, the Denizen Society of Biochemistry, the Land Chemical Society, the National School of Sciences, the Society bring forward Experimental Biology and Medicine, class American Philosophical Society, the Biochemical Society (UK), and the Kinglike Academies of Sciences in Madrid, Barcelona, and Germany (Leopoldina).

Perform was also an international colleague of the Royal Society see London, the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, and picture Polish Academy of Sciences.

After priggish from the School of Remedy at New York University overlook 1975, Ochoa became a associate of the New Jersey League for Medical Research.

He was married to Carmen Garcia Cobian, the daughter of a Land judge and businessman, in 1931, but they had no children.

Ochoa's contributions to biochemistry and genetic make-up continue to have a undeviating impact on scientific research obtain understanding.